The aged care industry in Australia is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by the growing demand to cater to an aging population and the increasing need for innovative solutions to address systemic issues such as workforce shortages and neglect. While technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), is being hailed as a potential savior, there are concerns about its role and impact on the human element of care. The question remains: can AI deliver more humanity in aged care?
One of the key challenges in the adoption of AI and other technological advancements in aged care is the involvement of health professionals and end-users in the development process. Professor Wendy Moyle, who heads the social robotics laboratory at Griffith University, highlights this issue. She argues that engineers often rush to create inventions without considering the practical needs and fears of those who will ultimately use them. For instance, a machine designed to lift people from beds or chairs was met with fear and reluctance among users due to its size and perceived danger.
Despite these challenges, technology offers numerous opportunities to improve the lives of the elderly. Virtual reality (VR) experiences, such as the St Vincent's Express in Toowoomba, provide an immersive and engaging environment for residents, offering a sense of adventure and connection. These VR experiences can distract people from pain, guide them through relaxation exercises, and support reminiscence therapy for those living with dementia. They have been shown to improve mood, cognition, memory, problem-solving skills, and spatial awareness, while also reducing pain, anxiety, and social isolation.
Companion robots, like Abi, are another example of technology's potential. These robots use AI and machine learning to recognize faces, understand emotions, and remember conversations. With the ability to speak in 90 languages, they can effectively communicate with diverse populations. However, the focus on entertainment and the lack of emphasis on technology that assists older people in staying at home is a concern. Many individuals require assistance with basic activities like showering and dressing, and incontinence issues are common. Smart devices, such as wearables and smart speakers, can monitor vital signs, detect falls, and provide reminders, but they may not fully address the complex needs of the elderly.
The industry's response to these technological advancements is mixed. Some researchers argue that the narrative of technological rescue is a distraction from structural problems and ageism. They suggest that AI should support care practices that include and empower older people and staff, centring their voices and experiences. Professor Moyle agrees, emphasizing that technology should never replace the human element of care. She acknowledges the emotional limitations of robots, highlighting the need for emotional responses in caregiving.
In conclusion, while technology has the potential to improve aged care, it must be developed and implemented with careful consideration of the human element. The industry must strike a balance between embracing technological advancements and ensuring that the core values of care and compassion are maintained. As Australia continues to grapple with an aging population, the challenge is to harness the power of technology while preserving the humanity of care.
